Method of consolidating loose soils, quicksand, &amp;c.



A. WOLPSHOLZ.

METHOD OF GONSOLIDATING LOOSE SOIL IGKSAND, &o.

APPLICATION FILED 11116.26,

935,081 Patented Sept. 28, 1909.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEicE.

AUGUST woLrsnoLz, or winmnnsn'enm Barnim, muniti?.

METHOD 0F CON-SOLIDmG-mssm, QUIOKBiAN-D, &c'.

Spwlcatiwwf Lem hun# Patented Sept. 28, 1909.

Application filed August 26; 199B. Serial No. 450,399.

To all whomvit jfnwyconcern."

Be it; known that I, AUGUST WoLFsHoLz, a citizen of the Empire of Germany, residing at Wilmersdorf, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany, have invented a new and useful Method of Consolidating Loose Soils, Quick-- sand,.&c.,..of which the` following-is a speciication. g, y

-Attempts to consolidate loose soils, quicksand, etc. by introducing a bindingmedium, such as for example cement, under pressure into the soil, -have proved unsatisfactory, chiefly for the reason that'itis impossible to introduce under pressure powderycementor milk of cement into wet'sand,.since the soil acts like a filter,.so that the particles of cement are retained inthe uppermoststrata and form a tightening cover or layer, which prevents the binding` medium from penetrating farther downward.- Eurther attempts to cut and. tear up the soil by means of foundation tubes while simultaneously introducing the cement through these tubes have also failed, because during the driving ofz'the tubes into the soil the cement introduced'I wasat oneecaught and then formed a vtight cover in .the upperA strata.

My invention relates to an improved method? of consolidating'loose soils, quicksand, etc. whereby better' results are 0btained; The method depends upon the condition of the soil or. other circumstances.-`

When the. soil contains suiicient water,.the method consists in vfirst introducing a charge of binding medium, such' as cement, hydraus. lic lime With sand, or: the like, intov the ground without mixing it. with the latter, and in afterward mixing the binding medium with the ground by moving the latter with a tool, the water contained iny the soil being used? for moistening the mixture, so that a body in the s oilis formed ofthe right cement-mortar, concrete or'- the; like, which then hardensand onsolidates thesoil, quicksand, etc.

When the soil does not contain sufficient water, or the circumstances render it.- ad visa-ble, the method consists in first driving a perforated tube providedron-its-outside with one-or several screw-blades similar to those of an auger into the soil, then forcing water ,liquid state through the tube anditsperforations into the loosened and movedi soil,

While withdrawin' the screw-blader] ltube and mixing the binding medium with the soil so as to form a body in the soil of cement-mortar, or concrete, or the like.

I will now Proceed to describe my invent1on, w1th re erence to the accompanying drawing,.which illustratesthe two modes of execution of the method.

Invthe mode of execution of the method according toFigure l first an earth-drill or groiindfaiuger g with comparatively large serewfblades f. isdriven into the soil, quicksand, etc..down to a convenient depth, then a tube b is in any known manner driven intothefsoil Within the reach of the screw-v kept downward by means of its rod o whileA the tube b is-withdrawn fron the soil, so that the cement la, or the like is left behind in the hole. At last the ground-auger g is turned back, so that its screw-blades f cut intel-the cement or the like and constantly move it through the soil for mixing it with the latter. As the ground contains sufficient water,.a body will be formed in the soil of cement-mortar, orl concrete or the like which hardens; Where so preferred, the tube b may be driven into the soil concentrically with the groundauger. g or nearly so. In this mannerl the soil, quicksand, etc. can be consolidated onv certain places. If so desired, the operation'can be repeated according to-aplan determined, so that pillars, walls, reservoirs, pits, or other structures are-formed in' the soil.

Theother inode. of .execution of the method illustrated by Fig. 2 is particularly suit-able; forl quicksandy and isv as follows: A sort ofwaterjet auger, that. is a tube l as shaftwith a series ofholes m in it and with oneA or. several screw-blades p on it is driven intothe soil by means of a cross-bar g or the like and is connected with abent pipe T and a hose (not shown) attached thereto.

'By means of some pump or the like water is 'watera binding medium ina `semi-liquid ture (cement-mortar or concrete or the.

like), which hardens. Obviously the perfo- Si O rated screw-bladed tube Z requires to be withdrawn from the soil, before the mixture hardens. By borin holes in series or in any other order into t e soil, introducing the semi-liquid binding medium into the holes and withdrawing the tool again pillars, walls, pits or other structures of cementmortar or concrete or the like can be formed in the soil for consolidating it. The screwblades may be provided with projections or the like for better mixing the soil with the binding medium. Instead of the perforated screw-bladed tube described any other known tool may be used, which can produce a similar effect.

I claim:

l. The method of consolidating loose soils, quicksand, or the like, which consists in driving a tool into the soil, forcing water through the tool for loosening and moving the soil while moistening it, forcing a bind-` ing medium in a semi-liquid state through the tool into the loosened and moved soil, and withdrawing the tool while thereby mixing the soil with the binding medium, so that a body in the soil is formed 0f the mixture which hardens.

2. The method of consolidating loose soils, quicksand, or the like, which consists in driving a tool into the soil, forcing water through the tool for loosening and moving the soil while moistening it, forcing a binding medium in a semi-liquid state through the tool into the loosened and moved soil, and at the same time withdrawing the tool while thereby mixing thesoil with the binding medium, so that a body in the soil is formed of the mixture which hardens.

The method of consolidating loose soils, quicksand, or the like, which consists in driving a tool into the soil, forcing water through the tool for loosening and ,moving the soil while moistening it, forcing a binding medium in a semi-liquid state through the tool into the loosened and moved soil, withdrawing the tool while thereby mixing the soil with the binding medium, so that a body in the soil is formed of the mixture which hardens, and repeating the operations on various places so as to form consolidating structures in thel soil.

4. The method of consolidating loose soils, qui'cksand, or the like, which consists in driving a tool into the soil, forcing water throuOh the tool for loosening and moving the soil while moistening it, forcing a bindingy medium in a semi-liquid state through the tool into the loosened and moved soil and at the same time withdrawing the tool while thereby mixing the soil with the binding, medium, so that a body in the soil is formed of the mixture which hardens, and repeating the operations on various places so as to form consolidating structures in the soil.

5. The method of consolidating loose soils, quicksand, or the like, which consists in driving a tool into the soil for loosening and moving it, driving a tube into the soil 4within the reach of said tool, extracting the soil from the tube, filling the tube with a binding medium, withdrawing the tube while pressing downward its charge, and withdrawing said tool while thereby mixing the soil with the-binding medium, so that a b body in the soil is formed of the mixture which hardens.

6. The method of consolidating loose soils, quicksand, or the like, which consists in driving a tool into the soil for loosening and moving it, driving a tube into the soil within the reach of said tool, extracting the soil from the tube, filling the tube with a binding medium, withdrawing the tube while pressing downward its charge, withdrawing said tool while thereby mixing the soil with the binding medium, so that a body in the soil is formed of the mixture which hardens, and'repeating the operations on various places so as to form consolidating structures in the soil.

7. The method of consolidating loose soils, quicksand, or the like, which consists in driving an earth-drill with large screwblades into the soil, driving a tube into the soil within the reach of the screw-blades of said earth-drill, extracting the soil from the tube, filling the tube with a binding medium, withdrawing the tube while pressing downward its charge, and withdrawing lsaid earth-drill while mixing by means of its soil within the reach of the screw-blades of said earth-drill, extracting the soil from the tube, filling the tube with a binding medium, withdrawing the tube while pressing downward its charge, withdrawing said earthdrill while mixing by means of its screwblades the soil with the binding medium, s0 that a body in the soil is formed of the mixture which hardens, and repeating the operations on various places so as to form consolidating structures in the soil.

9. The method of consolidating loose soils, quicksand, or the like, which consists in driving a perforated screw-bladed tube into the soil, forcing water through the tube and its perforations so as to loosen and move With the jets of Waterthe soil While moistening it., forcing a binding medium in a semi-liquid state through the tube and its perforations into the loosened and moved soil, and withdrawing the perforated screw-bladed tube While mixing by means of its screw-blades the soil with the binding medium, so that a body in the soil is formed of the mixture which hardens.

10. The method of consolidating loose soils, quicksand, or the like7 which consists in driving a perforated screw-bladed tube into the soil, forcing water through the tube. and its perforations so as to loosen and move with the jets of Water the soil While moistening it, forcing a binding medium in a semiliquid state through the tube and its perforations into the loosened and moved soil', and at the same time withdrawing the perforated screw-bladed tube while mixing by means of its screw-blades the soil with the binding medium, so that a body in the soil is formed of the mixture which hardens.

1l. The method of consolidating loose soils, quicksand, or the like, which consists in driving a perforated screw-bladed tube into the soil, forcing water through the tube and its perforations so as to loosen and move with the jets of water Athe soil While moistening it, forcing a binding medium in a semiliquid state through the tube and its perforations into the loosened and movedsoil, Withdrawing the perforated screw-bladed Itube While mixing by means of its screw-blades the soil with the binding medium, so that a body in the soil is formed of the mixture which hardens, and repeating'the operations on various places so as to form consolidating structures in the soil.

12. The method of consolidating loose soils, quicksand, or the like, which consists in driving a perforated screw-bladed tube into the soil, forcing water through the tube and its perforations so as to loosen and move with the jets of water the soil while moistening it, forcing a binding medium in a semiliquid state through the tube and its perforations into the loosened and moved soil and at the saine time withdrawing the perforated screw-bladed tube while mixing by means of its screw-blades the soil with the binding medium, so that a body in the soil is formed of the mixture which hardens, and repeating the operations on various places soy as to form consolidating structures in the soil. A

AUGUST WOLFSHOLZ. Witnesses:

WOLDEMAR HAUPT, yARTHUR SCHROEDER. 

